2408-932XResearch Result. Social Studies and Humanities2408-932X10.18413/2408-932X-2023-9-3-0-33230RESEARCHES<strong>M.&nbsp;Gauchet&#39;s Theory of the <em>Exit from the Religious</em>: Another Reading of Secular Transformation of Society</strong><strong>M.&nbsp;Gauchet&#39;s Theory of the <em>Exit from the Religious</em>: Another Reading of Secular Transformation of Society</strong>KudzelichHalina P.KudzelichHalina P.kudelich@mail.ruBelarusian State University20239300

The article considers the main points of the French historian and philosopher M.&nbsp;Gauchet&#39;s conception as applied to the specificity of the process of secularization in West-European society. The key points of the theory are marked, according to which the development and sociopolitical problems within modern democratic societies are a consequence of the process defined by the scientist as an exit from the religious sphere. The starting point for this process was the formation of statehood, which entailed the formalization of the idea of history and the idea of a transcendent God. It became the basis for the system of interaction with the divine and the hierarchical structure of society. The author considers in detail the process of change in the axiological basis of Western cultures, which through the formation of the legal system and the development of market interaction came to the loss of the concept of the primacy of the collective good and a pronounced focus on individual interests. It is analyzed how the aggravation of individualistic dominance in the society threatens the unity of the society, thereby going to self-destruction. The author notes the prognostic conclusions of the French scientist on the need to develop a new theory of history, political order and social relations to prevent conflict situations.

The article considers the main points of the French historian and philosopher M.&nbsp;Gauchet&#39;s conception as applied to the specificity of the process of secularization in West-European society. The key points of the theory are marked, according to which the development and sociopolitical problems within modern democratic societies are a consequence of the process defined by the scientist as an exit from the religious sphere. The starting point for this process was the formation of statehood, which entailed the formalization of the idea of history and the idea of a transcendent God. It became the basis for the system of interaction with the divine and the hierarchical structure of society. The author considers in detail the process of change in the axiological basis of Western cultures, which through the formation of the legal system and the development of market interaction came to the loss of the concept of the primacy of the collective good and a pronounced focus on individual interests. It is analyzed how the aggravation of individualistic dominance in the society threatens the unity of the society, thereby going to self-destruction. The author notes the prognostic conclusions of the French scientist on the need to develop a new theory of history, political order and social relations to prevent conflict situations.

religion and societysecularizationindividualismliberalismaxiological fund of cultureidentityMarcel Gauchetreligion and societysecularizationindividualismliberalismaxiological fund of cultureidentityMarcel GauchetСписок литературыBobineau,&nbsp;O. (2010), Le religieux et le politique: Suivi de Douze r&eacute;ponses de Marcel Gauchet [Religion and Politics: Followed by Marcel Gauchet&#39;s Twelve Responses], &Eacute;ditions Descl&eacute;e de Brouwer, Paris, France (in French).Flier,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Ja.&nbsp;(2014), Izbrannye raboty po teorii kul&#39;tury [Selected works on cultural theory], Publisher &ldquo;Soglasie&rdquo; Moscow, Artiom, Russia (in Russ.).Gauchet,&nbsp;M. (1996), Le d&eacute;senchantement du monde [The disenchantment of the world], Editions Gallimard, France (in French).Gauchet,&nbsp;M. (1998), La religion dans la d&eacute;mocratie [Religion in democracy], Editions Gallimard, France (in French).Gauchet,&nbsp;M. (2002), La d&eacute;mocratie contre elle-m&ecirc;me [Democracy Against Itself], Editions Gallimard, France (in French).Gauchet,&nbsp;M. (2016), Comprendre le malheur fran&ccedil;ais [Understand the French misfortune], Editions Stock, France (in French).Karepova,&nbsp;S.&nbsp;G. and Kublitskaya,&nbsp;E.&nbsp;A. (ed. &amp; comp) (2014), Pamyati Yulii Yurievny Sinelinoy. Nauchnye trudy, vospominaniya [In memory of Yulia Yurievna Sinelina. Scientific works, memoris], Publishing House of the Institute of Socio-Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).Kudzelich,&nbsp;H.&nbsp;P. (2023), &ldquo;Islam and the problems of cultural identity in modern society (on the example of France)&rdquo;, Human in the socio-cultural dimension, 1, 50-59 (in Russ.).Uzlaner,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;A. (2020), Postsekulyarny povorot. Kak myslit o religii v XXI veke [The Post-Secular Turn. How to Think About Religion in 21th Century], Gaidar Institute Publishing House, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).&nbsp;