2408-932XResearch Result. Social Studies and Humanities2408-932X10.18413/2408-932X-2024-10-2-0-73478RESEARCHES<strong>Falsification of history as an ontological and epistemological problem</strong><strong>Falsification of history as an ontological and epistemological problem</strong>BalakhonskyVitaly V.BalakhonskyVitaly V.Balakhonsky@mail.ruStrelchenkoVasily I.StrelchenkoVasily I.v_strelchenko@mail.ruBalakhonskayaLyudmila V.BalakhonskayaLyudmila V.lb234@mail.ruHerzen State Pedagogical UniversitySt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia202410200

In the modern world, the practice of falsifying events of the past and present is becoming widespread, due to the desire to justify one&rsquo;s own political, ideological, philosophical and economic interests. This article provides a theoretical analysis of socio-ontological determination and epistemological and methodological means of falsifying interpretations of the historical process. The novelty of the research approach proposed by the authors lies in the integrative nature of the methodology used, which makes it possible to clarify the relationship between the socio-political causes that generate a conscious distortion of history and the choice of cognitive methods and means of carrying out this falsification. As a result of the conducted research, the following results were obtained: 1)&nbsp;the ontological basis for falsifying history is the desire of certain political forces to form in the public consciousness a politically, ideologically or economically determined form of perception of the past, distorting the real picture of what happened; 2)&nbsp;the most important epistemological and methodological means of falsifying history are: deformation of the epistemological strategy of research search, consisting in replacing the scientific understanding of truth as the goal of the cognitive process with diverse forms of subjectively justified probabilistic interpretations; inadequate perception of the significance of certain events or the role of the activities of historical characters; inconsistency of the elements of explanance with the type of explanation, which can create an illusory &quot;understanding&quot; of the phenomenon in question, and not the disclosure of its essence; substitution of the substantiating provisions of historical explanation, which occupy a higher place in the evidentiary hierarchy, for provisions with less evidentiary force; 3)&nbsp;a classification of forms of explanation of history is proposed, depending on their evidentiary force in the procedure of historical explanation (historical law, sociological law, law of socio-historical psychology, provisions on specific conditions for the implementation of these laws).

In the modern world, the practice of falsifying events of the past and present is becoming widespread, due to the desire to justify one&rsquo;s own political, ideological, philosophical and economic interests. This article provides a theoretical analysis of socio-ontological determination and epistemological and methodological means of falsifying interpretations of the historical process. The novelty of the research approach proposed by the authors lies in the integrative nature of the methodology used, which makes it possible to clarify the relationship between the socio-political causes that generate a conscious distortion of history and the choice of cognitive methods and means of carrying out this falsification. As a result of the conducted research, the following results were obtained: 1)&nbsp;the ontological basis for falsifying history is the desire of certain political forces to form in the public consciousness a politically, ideologically or economically determined form of perception of the past, distorting the real picture of what happened; 2)&nbsp;the most important epistemological and methodological means of falsifying history are: deformation of the epistemological strategy of research search, consisting in replacing the scientific understanding of truth as the goal of the cognitive process with diverse forms of subjectively justified probabilistic interpretations; inadequate perception of the significance of certain events or the role of the activities of historical characters; inconsistency of the elements of explanance with the type of explanation, which can create an illusory &quot;understanding&quot; of the phenomenon in question, and not the disclosure of its essence; substitution of the substantiating provisions of historical explanation, which occupy a higher place in the evidentiary hierarchy, for provisions with less evidentiary force; 3)&nbsp;a classification of forms of explanation of history is proposed, depending on their evidentiary force in the procedure of historical explanation (historical law, sociological law, law of socio-historical psychology, provisions on specific conditions for the implementation of these laws).

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