2408-932XResearch Result. Social Studies and Humanities2408-932X10.18413/2408-932X-2025-11-4-1-74007MISCCELLANEOUS: MESSAGES, DISCUSSIONS, REVIEWS<strong>D.M. Vellansky&rsquo;s Philosophy of Medicine in the Context of Cultural-Historical Epistemology</strong><br /> &nbsp;<strong>D.M. Vellansky&rsquo;s Philosophy of Medicine in the Context of Cultural-Historical Epistemology</strong><br /> &nbsp;BozhenokKirill A.BozhenokKirill A.kirikus98@gmail.comInstitute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences202511400

The philosophy of medicine of Daniil Mikhailovich Vellansky can undoubtedly be called innovative for its time, since in his reasoning it strives to be an empirical science and at the same time a theoretical system based on speculation, self-sufficient and dependent on natural scientific investigations. It is shown that for Vellansky, man is the primary goal of knowledge, but for his understanding it is necessary to study the environment. This philosophy simultaneously reveals the nature of man and nature as the surrounding environment. They mutually complement each other. The author advances the idea that Vellansky&#39;s reasoning about medicine has an interdisciplinary character. He shows that medicine has every chance of becoming a science, but for this it is necessary to conduct many diverse studies related to man and healing. Vellansky&#39;s medical research is inseparably linked with his philosophical ideas. The natural sciences must become the foundation for transforming medical practice into scientific activity. But in order to study man from a medical point of view, it is necessary to understand him from a metaphysical one as well. In view of this, medicine in Vellansky acquires an interdisciplinary character. First and foremost, he connects metaphysics and natural sciences in an attempt to provide answers to questions about the causes of various processes occurring in the organism.

The philosophy of medicine of Daniil Mikhailovich Vellansky can undoubtedly be called innovative for its time, since in his reasoning it strives to be an empirical science and at the same time a theoretical system based on speculation, self-sufficient and dependent on natural scientific investigations. It is shown that for Vellansky, man is the primary goal of knowledge, but for his understanding it is necessary to study the environment. This philosophy simultaneously reveals the nature of man and nature as the surrounding environment. They mutually complement each other. The author advances the idea that Vellansky&#39;s reasoning about medicine has an interdisciplinary character. He shows that medicine has every chance of becoming a science, but for this it is necessary to conduct many diverse studies related to man and healing. Vellansky&#39;s medical research is inseparably linked with his philosophical ideas. The natural sciences must become the foundation for transforming medical practice into scientific activity. But in order to study man from a medical point of view, it is necessary to understand him from a metaphysical one as well. In view of this, medicine in Vellansky acquires an interdisciplinary character. First and foremost, he connects metaphysics and natural sciences in an attempt to provide answers to questions about the causes of various processes occurring in the organism.

D.M. Vellanskyphilosophy of medicinenatural philosophycultural-historical epistemologyinterdisciplinarityhuman-sizednessD.M. Vellanskyphilosophy of medicinenatural philosophycultural-historical epistemologyinterdisciplinarityhuman-sizednessСписок литературыFilomafitsky,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;M. (1836), Fiziologiya, izdannaya dlya rukovodstva svoikh slushateley [Physiology, published to guide his listeners], University Printing House, Moscow, Russia, (in Russ.).Gusev,&nbsp;S.&nbsp;S. (2009), &ldquo;Interdisciplinary&rdquo;, Entsiklopediya epistemologii i filosofii nauki [Encyclopedia of Epistemology and Philosophy of Science], Kasavin,&nbsp;I.&nbsp;T. (ed.), Kanon+ ROOI Reabilitatsiya, Moscow, Russia, (in Russ.).Kazakov,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;A. (2023), &ldquo;The turn of Russian thought to Schelling&#39;s philosophy in the 19th century&rdquo;, Humanitarian Bulletin of the Tolstoy State Pedagogical University, 3, 89-98 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.22405/2304-4772-2023-1-3-89-98; EDN: USTGZKLystsov,&nbsp;G. (1995), &ldquo;Vellansky Daniil Mikhailovich&rdquo;, Russkaya filosofiya. Maliy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar [Russian Philosophy. Small Encyclopedic Dictionary], Aleshin, A. I. (ed.), Nauka, Moscow, Russia, 87-88 (in Russ.).Prilensky,&nbsp;V.&nbsp;I. (2020), &ldquo;Vellansky&rdquo;, Russkaya filosofiya: Entsiklopediya [Russian Philosophy: Encyclopedia], 3rd ed., revised and enlarged, Maslin,&nbsp;M.&nbsp;A. (general ed.), Apryshko,&nbsp;P.&nbsp;P., Polyakov,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;P., Solodukhin,&nbsp;Yu.&nbsp;N. (compiled), Mir filosofii, Moscow, Russia, 98 (in Russ.).Rezvykh,&nbsp;P. (2008), &ldquo;F.W.J. Schelling in Dialogue with Russian Intellectuals&rdquo;, Novoye literaturnoye obozreniye [New Literary Review], 3, 141-185 (in Russ.). EDN: MTDRUNRozanov,&nbsp;N.&nbsp;I. (1867), &ldquo;Memories of Daniil Mikhailovich Vellansky&rdquo;, Russkiy vestnik [Russian Herald], 72, 99-137 (in Russ.).Rochnyak,&nbsp;E.&nbsp;V. (2023), &ldquo;Modern ecology as an ideological basis for the development of the philosophy of ecology, ecological philosophy and philosophy of nature&rdquo;, Contemporary philosophical research, 3, 62-67 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.18384/2949-5148-2023-3-62-67; EDN: HLMOUYStepin,&nbsp;V.&nbsp;S. (2009), Postneklassika: filosofiya, nauka, kultura [Postunclassic: philosophy, science, culture], Izdatelskiy dom &laquo;Mir&raquo;, St. Petersburg, Russia, (in Russ.).Shchedrina,&nbsp;I.&nbsp;O. &amp; Shchedrina,&nbsp;T.&nbsp;G. (2024), &ldquo;A Man of &lsquo;Fire and Flame&rsquo;. On The 250th Anniversary of D.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Vellansky&rdquo;, Chelovek, 6, 144-157 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.31857/S0236200724060098; EDN: IXADTXVellansky,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;M. (1812), Biologicheskoe issledovanie prirodi v tvoriashchem i tvorimom eyo kachestve, soderzhashchee osnovnie nachertaniya vseobshchei fiziologii [A biological study of nature in its creative and created capacity, containing the basic outlines of universal physiology], Printing house of Ios. Ioannesov, St. Petersburg, Russia, (in Russ.).Vellansky,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;M. (1831), Opytnaya, nablyudatelnaya i umozritelnaya fizika, izlagayushchaya prirodu v veshchestvennykh vidakh, deyatelnykh silakh i zizhdushchikh nachalakh neorganicheskogo mira&nbsp;&ndash; sostavlyayushchaya pervuyu polovinu entsiklopedii fizicheskikh poznaniy [Experimental, observational and speculative physics, which presents nature in material forms, active forces and fundamental principles of the inorganic world, constitutes the first half of the encyclopedia of physical knowledge], Printing house of I.&nbsp;Glazunov, St. Petersburg, Russia, (in Russ.).Vellansky,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;M. (1805), Prolyuziya k meditsine kak osnovatelnoi nauke [Prolusion to Medicine as a Fundamental Science], Meditsinskaya tipografiya, St. Petersburg, Russia, (in Russ.).Veselovsky,&nbsp;K.&nbsp;S. (1901), &ldquo;Russian philosopher D.M.&nbsp;Vellansky&rdquo;, Russkaya starina, 105 (1), 519 (in Russ.).