2408-932XResearch Result. Social Studies and Humanities2408-932X10.18413/2408-932X-2026-12-1-1-04119RESEARCHES<strong>Subject of legal hermeneutics: to the anthropological experience of 19th-20th century Russian philosophy</strong><strong>Subject of legal hermeneutics: to the anthropological experience of 19th-20th century Russian philosophy</strong>MalkovAlexey V.MalkovAlexey V.alexsey-malkov@yandex.ruV.G. Shukhov Belgorod State Technological University202612100

This article examines the subject of legal hermeneutics in the context of Russian anthropology. The study aims to overcome the narrowly technical approach to the interpretation of law by addressing the anthropological foundations of legal understanding. Special attention is paid to the complex of problems that arise in the practice of interpreting and applying the law: the problem of the semantic uncertainty of a legal norm, which cannot be resolved without taking into account the interpreter&#39;s value orientations; the conflict between the universality of the law and the uniqueness of a particular life situation, which requires the subject&#39;s moral reflection; and the problem of the dialogical nature of understanding, where the subject is forced to reconcile different legal positions. The author argues that the subject of interpretation is a historical, moral, and culturally specific individual who is inevitably involved in dialogue and value choices. By abandoning the formal-dogmatic approach, legal hermeneutics can be understood as a philosophy of understanding law in the context of human life. This represents a major shift in the development of modern legal thought, moving from hermeneutics as a technique to hermeneutics as an existential and anthropological tradition.

This article examines the subject of legal hermeneutics in the context of Russian anthropology. The study aims to overcome the narrowly technical approach to the interpretation of law by addressing the anthropological foundations of legal understanding. Special attention is paid to the complex of problems that arise in the practice of interpreting and applying the law: the problem of the semantic uncertainty of a legal norm, which cannot be resolved without taking into account the interpreter&#39;s value orientations; the conflict between the universality of the law and the uniqueness of a particular life situation, which requires the subject&#39;s moral reflection; and the problem of the dialogical nature of understanding, where the subject is forced to reconcile different legal positions. The author argues that the subject of interpretation is a historical, moral, and culturally specific individual who is inevitably involved in dialogue and value choices. By abandoning the formal-dogmatic approach, legal hermeneutics can be understood as a philosophy of understanding law in the context of human life. This represents a major shift in the development of modern legal thought, moving from hermeneutics as a technique to hermeneutics as an existential and anthropological tradition.

anthropologyhermeneuticslawinterpretationsubjectanthropologyhermeneuticslawinterpretationsubjectСписок литературыBakhtin, M. M. (1994), &ldquo;Toward a Philosophy of the Act&rdquo;, in Raboty 1920-kh godov [Works of the 1920s], Next, Kiev, 9&ndash;69, Ukraina (in Russ.).Bakhtin,&nbsp;M.&nbsp;M. (1979), &ldquo;Toward a Reworking of the Book on Dostoevsky&rdquo;, in Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva [The Aesthetics of Verbal Art], Iskusstvo, Moscow, USSR, 308&ndash;327 (in Russ.).Kurnosikova, E. A. (2006), &ldquo;The Moral Reflection of M. M. Bakhtin as a Specific Cultural Phenomenon&rdquo;, Integratsiya obrazovaniya [Integration of Education], 2, 118&ndash;122 (in Russ.). EDN: JWJIWJMalinova,&nbsp;I.&nbsp;P. (1995), Filosofiya prava (ot metafiziki k germenevtike) [Philosophy of Law (From Metaphysics to Hermeneutics)], Publishing house of Ural State Law Academy, Yekaterinburg, Russia (in Russ.). EDN: ZCEZSFOvchinnikov, A. I. (2002), Pravovoe myshlenie v germenevticheskoy paradigme [Legal Thinking in the Hermeneutic Paradigm], Rostov University Publishing House, Rostov-on-Don, Russia (in Russ.).Pisarevsky,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;E. (2004), &ldquo;Legal Hermeneutics: Socio-Philosophical Methodology for the Interpretation and Construction of Legal Norms&rdquo;, Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Krasnodar, Russia (in Russ.). EDN: NNAMKLSmirnov,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;V., &amp; Manukyan,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;G. (eds) (2008), Tolkovanie norm prava [Interpretation of Legal Norms], Prospekt, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.). EDN: QQMPELSolovyev, V. S. (1990), &ldquo;The Justification of the Good&rdquo;, Sochineniya v 2 tomakh [Works in 2 volumes], in Losev, A. F. and Gulyga, A. V. (eds.), vol.&nbsp;1, Mysl, Moscow, USSR, 47&ndash;580 (in Russ.).Solovyev,&nbsp;V.&nbsp;S. (1990), &ldquo;Three Speeches in Memory of Dostoevsky&rdquo;, in Sochineniya v 2 tomakh [Works in 2 volumes], in Losev, A. F. and Gulyga, A. V. (eds.), vol.&nbsp;2, Mysl, Moscow, USSR, 289&ndash;323 (in Russ.).Florensky,&nbsp;P.&nbsp;A. (1909), &ldquo;The Universal Roots of Idealism&rdquo;, Bogoslovskiy vestnik [The Theological Herald], 3, 409&ndash;423 (in Russ.).Florensky, P. A. (2013), U vodorazdelov mysli: (cherty konkretnoy metafiziki) [At the Watersheds of Thought: (Features of Concrete Metaphysics)], vol.&nbsp;2, Akademicheskiy proektm, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).Tonkov,&nbsp;E.&nbsp;N., &amp; Vetyutnev,&nbsp;Yu.&nbsp;Yu. (eds.) (2016), Yuridicheskaya germenevtika v XXI veke [Legal Hermeneutics in the 21st Century], Aleteiya St. Petersburg, Russia (in Russ.). EDN: VWNFPN