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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2408-932X</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научный результат. Социальные и гуманитарные исследования</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2408-932X</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2408-932X-2025-11-4-0-1</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3991</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Редукция как феноменологический и общенаучный принцип&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Reduction as a Phenomenological and General Scientific Principle&lt;/strong&gt;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>Игорь Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylov</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ia.mikhaylov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" /></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Институт философии РАН</institution></aff><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/humanities/2025/4/Социогуманитарные_исследования_2025_Т.11_4-6-17.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье исследуются принципы и основания феноменологии, а также ее научная методология на материале центральных понятий трансцендентальной феноменологии&amp;nbsp;&amp;ndash; &amp;laquo;эпохэ&amp;raquo; и &amp;laquo;редукция&amp;raquo;. Несмотря на то, что редукцию Гуссерль считал &amp;laquo;самой сутью&amp;raquo; феноменологии, понятия не только не стали, но и не могли стать объединяющими идеями в феноменологическом сообществе начала ХХ&amp;nbsp;в. Показаны причины этого хорошо известного факта. Основные причины сводятся к следующим: 1)&amp;nbsp;неблагоприятной для популяризации феноменологических идей оказывается сама синонимия обоих понятий, используемых для обозначения одного метода, при том, что &amp;laquo;редукция&amp;raquo; выступает в качестве общего, &amp;laquo;рамочного&amp;raquo; понятия; 2)&amp;nbsp;каждое из понятий имеет свою богатую историю, которая, во-первых, входит в противоречие с желанием интерпретировать эти понятия исключительно в духе трансцендентальной феноменологии и служит источником постоянной путаницы в интерпретациях; во-вторых, в обоих понятиях заложено противоречие между ограничением, к которому они призывают, &amp;ndash; и универсальностью общей теории науки, которой они должны послужить. Дана более подробная история понятий &amp;laquo;эпохэ&amp;raquo; и &amp;laquo;редукция&amp;raquo; с отсылками к идеям Цицерона, Р.&amp;nbsp;Декарта, Н.&amp;nbsp;Кузанского, а также к ранее не замеченным научным публикациям XVIII-XIX вв.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the principles and foundations of phenomenology, as well as its scientific methodology, on the basis of the central concepts of transcendental phenomenology, epoch&amp;eacute; and reduction. Despite Husserl&amp;#39;s view that reduction was &amp;#39;the very essence&amp;#39; of phenomenology, these concepts did not become unifying ideas within the phenomenological community of the early twentieth century &amp;ndash; in fact, they could not. The reasons for this well-known fact are identified and analyzed. The main reasons can be summarized as follows: (1)&amp;nbsp;the very synonymy of the two terms used to designate a single method proves unfavorable for the dissemination of phenomenological ideas, given that &amp;ldquo;reduction&amp;rdquo; functions as the more general, &amp;ldquo;framework&amp;rdquo; concept; (2)&amp;nbsp;each of the terms has its own rich history which, first, comes into conflict with the desire to interpret these concepts exclusively in the spirit of transcendental phenomenology and serves as a source of constant confusion in their interpretation; second, both notions contain an internal tension between the restriction they call for and the universality of the general theory of science they are meant to serve. A more detailed history of the concepts of epoch&amp;eacute; and reduction is provided, with references to the ideas of Cicero, Ren&amp;eacute; Descartes, and Nicholas of Cusa, as well as to previously overlooked scholarly publications of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Редукция</kwd><kwd>эпохэ</kwd><kwd>феноменология</kwd><kwd>Гуссерль</kwd><kwd>Декарт</kwd><kwd>скептицизм</kwd><kwd>сомнение</kwd><kwd>теория познания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Reduction</kwd><kwd>Epoche</kwd><kwd>Phenomenology</kwd><kwd>Hussserl</kwd><kwd>Descartes</kwd><kwd>skepticism</kwd><kwd>doubt</kwd><kwd>Theory of cognition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Cicero, M.&amp;nbsp;T. (1812), S&amp;auml;mmtliche Briefe [All Letters], &amp;uuml;bers. u. erl. 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