To the apocalypse and back. Time in the project of the “new man” of the 1920s
The phenomenon of the Russian Revolution has not lost its relevance after more than a hundred years since 1917. Today, it acquires new meanings, merging with problems of legitimacy, sovereignty, media, as well as the fundamental problems of violence, terror, time and many others. The article attempts to rely on A. Badiou's interpretation of revolution as a rupture event, including a rupture of time that abolishes the usual flow of time and creates a new timeline, connecting this understanding of time as a construct with the reflection of apocalyptic time in the perception of Russian thinkers of the late XIX – early XX centuries, first of all N.A. Berdyaev, who wrote about the double time of the apocalypse as the end of time – eternity, as well as about “bad infinity”. This connection makes it possible to trace the change in ideas about time to the 1920s in the movement from the Apocalypse and return back in the context of ideas about the “new man”. The “new man” is transformed from a self-sacrificing terrorist-revolutionary who accepts the idea of the end of time into an active creator, including the creator of time in the representations of D. Vertov, an object of pedagogical influence and an actor of projective time in A. V. Lunacharsky, and a product of machine influence in A. Gastev, who brings objective time and individual, subjective time together to the utmost, concealing time-construct of the “new man” project.
While nobody left any comments to this publication.
You can be first.
Badiou, A. (2006), Etika. Ocherk o soznanii zla [Ethics. An essay on the consciousness of evil], Machina Publishing House, St. Petersburg, Russia (in Russ.)
Berdyaev, N. (2006), Mirosozertsanie Dostoevskogo [Dostoevsky 's Worldview], Khranitel' Publishing House, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).
Berdyaev, N. (1935), “Time and eternity”, Vestnik russkogo studencheskogo khristianskogo dvizhenija [Bulletin of the Russian Student Christian Movement], 3, 27-33 (in Russ.).
Fisheva, A. A. (2020), “The image of the ‘new man’ in Soviet cinema in the 1930s.”, Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Elektronnyj nauchnyj zhurnal [Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal], 1 (33), 144-157 [Online], available at: http://vestospu.ru/archive/2020/articles/13_33_2020.pdf (Accessed 29 July 2021). DOI: 10.32516/2303-9922.2020.33.13 (in Russ.).
Gastev, A. K. (1966), Kak nado rabotat': prakticheskoe vvedenie v nauku organizatsii truda [How to work: a practical introduction to the science of labor organization], Ekonomika, Moscow, USSR (in Russ.).
Gastev, A. K. (1923a), Poeziya rabochego udara [Poetry of the working strike], VTSSPS, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).
Gastev, A. K. (1973), Trudovye ustanovki [Labor perceptions], Ekonomika, Moscow, USSR (in Russ.).
Gastev, A. K. (1923b), Vosstanie kul'tury [The Uprising of Culture], Molodoy rabochiy, Kharkov, USSR (in Russ.).
Gunther, H. (2021), “Revolution – utopia – Apocalypse. Social aspects of utopian consciousness”, Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal issledovaniy kul'tury [International Journal of Cultural Studies], 4 (9), 10-14 (in Russ.).
Herzen, A. I. (1955), Sobranie sochineniy: V 30-ti tomakh. T. 6 [Collected works: In 30 vols. Vol. 6], Akademiya nauk SSSR, Moscow, USSR (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. “The creation of a new Soviet man. Lecture 3. How the Bolsheviks turned a man into a machine, what they wanted from children and why pioneers were needed”, Arzamas. Istoriya russkoy kul'tury. Mezhdu revolyuciey i voynoy [Online], available at: https://arzamas.academy/materials/1499 (Accessed 29 July 2021) (in Russ.).
Kropotkin, P. A. (1990), Zapiski revolyutsionera [Notes of a revolutionary], Mysl', Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).
Lunacharsky, A. V. (1928), Vospitanie novogo cheloveka: obrabotannaya stenogramma lektsii, prochitannoj 23 maya 1928 g. v Leningrade [Education of a new person: an edited transcript of a lecture delivered on May 23, 1928 in Leningrad], Priboy, Leningrad, USSR (in Russ).
Nikolsky, S. A. (2012), Russkoe mirovozzrenie. T. III. «Novye lyudi» kak ideya i yavlenie: opyt osmysleniya v otechestvennoy filosofii i klassicheskoy literature 40-kh – 60-kh godov XIX stoletiya [Russian Worldview. Vol. III. “New People” as an idea and phenomenon: the experience of Comprehension in Russian philosophy and classical literature of the 40s – 60s of the XIX century], Progress-Traditsya, Moscow, Russia (in Russ.).
Novikov, S. G. (2019), “Designing a ‘new man’ in Soviet Russia of the 1920s” Otechestvennaya i zarubezhnaya pedagogika [Domestic and foreign pedagogy], vol. 1, 1 (57), 161-174 (in Russ.).
Ropshin, V. (Savinkov, B.) (1974), Kon' bledny [Pail hourse], Edition A. Neimanis, Munich (in Russ.).
Tkachenko, I. A. (2007), “Apocalyptic themes and motifs in Russian culture of the late XIX - first half of the XX centuries”, Abstract of Ph.D. dissertation, Shuya, Russia (in Russ.).