Between federation and confederation: Bavarian project of German constitution in 1848
The article is devoted to the analysis of the draft of the German constitution, developed by King Maximilian II Joseph of Bavaria in the initial period of the 1848 revolution. With this project, the author attempts to illustrate the main direction of Bavarian politics in 1848, as well as the views of Maximilian and his advisor W. von Dönniges on the historical role and mission of Bavaria in the unification of Germany. The main idea of the project, which found expression in the proposed structure of all-German bodies, was the unification of Germany on hybrid principles that combined federative and confederative elements, while maintaining the foundations created in 1815. At the same time, the cross-cutting motive of the project was the informal strengthening of Bavaria as the leader of all secondary German principalities and turning it into the third largest power in Germany. Particular attention in this aspect is paid to the desire of Bavaria to strengthen its own position in the executive bodies of the future state and the influence of this desire on another German states' attitude to the proposed project.
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