Subject of legal hermeneutics: to the anthropological experience of 19th-20th century Russian philosophy
This article examines the subject of legal hermeneutics in the context of Russian anthropology. The study aims to overcome the narrowly technical approach to the interpretation of law by addressing the anthropological foundations of legal understanding. Special attention is paid to the complex of problems that arise in the practice of interpreting and applying the law: the problem of the semantic uncertainty of a legal norm, which cannot be resolved without taking into account the interpreter's value orientations; the conflict between the universality of the law and the uniqueness of a particular life situation, which requires the subject's moral reflection; and the problem of the dialogical nature of understanding, where the subject is forced to reconcile different legal positions. The author argues that the subject of interpretation is a historical, moral, and culturally specific individual who is inevitably involved in dialogue and value choices. By abandoning the formal-dogmatic approach, legal hermeneutics can be understood as a philosophy of understanding law in the context of human life. This represents a major shift in the development of modern legal thought, moving from hermeneutics as a technique to hermeneutics as an existential and anthropological tradition.
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